Chemical Hazard: Flammable

This Technical Paper begins:

If you don’t remember anything else about this hazard remember this:

It is not the Flammable liquid or solid that burns, it is the vapor. Therefore, how much vapor a Flammable liquid or solid can form is important to safety. Vapor pressure is the metric we use to assess the level of hazard of the chemical and the chemical + process conditions.

It continues with information on hazard recognition and controls that are intended to be a resource for you as you work to create a sustainably safe workplace.

Technical Papers are a consolidation of technical information.  They are created by a Certified Industrial Hygienist with a background in OSHA Consultation and experience in laboratory use of particularly hazardous chemicals.

Description

On April 2, 2019, homes shook around the KMCO, LLC facility in Crosby, TX when a piece of equipment broke off falling into the batch reactor’s liquid isobutylene supply piping.  This caused a release of highly flammable vapor which suddenly exploded killing one operator, severely burning two others and injuring 28 contractors and employees in the facility.  There was significant property damage from the explosion and subsequent fires and the company filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy, liquidating the company in July 2020.

Most businesses do not deal with workplace conditions that could result in such devastating effects from storing and working with flammable materials.  Sometimes this is from knowledge and experience with the hazard and sometimes it is from dumb luck.  In the Technical Paper on Reactive chemicals there is a description of a flammable solvent that had reacted with air creating a few shock-sensitive crystals that could have exploded creating a fireball with the liquid in the container and spread to the other flammables in the storage cabinet.  It was luck that I happened to be in the area and decided to inspect the school district that summer.

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